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Cyberbullying – The Ugly Side of Social Media

We have all seen the comical photos of Walmart shoppers in various modes of dress and undress. One performer has even made several humorous music videos depicting the weirdos and crazies.

Facebook itself had its origins by showing photos of college students and allowing people to rate them as “hot or not”. It’s all in good fun, right? No harm, no foul.

So what is going on in Emmitsburg, Maryland, home of the US Fire Administration and the National Fire Academy, where a mother has declared war on cyberbullying after a firefighter posted photos of her daughter on line accompanied by unflattering comments.

Sherry Myers is furious about photos of her daughter Jayden that were posted online by a Pennsylvania firefighter that mocks her shoes, and asks people to guess whether Jayden is a boy or a girl.

It’s the other side of the laughter… the painful side… the ugly side of social media.

Here is a link to Sherry’s Facebook page, which she has aptly named Justice for Jayden. Spend some time there and read some of the comments from those who have been hurt by cyberbullies.

Here is more on the story itself.

While all the facts have yet to be sorted out in the Myers case – let me make a few points about where we are law wise on cyberbullying.

Here in the US, the laws are way behind the times. While some states have enacted laws to address cyberbullying, most states rely upon tort privacy laws developed in the 1800s and 1900s. These laws did a decent job until fairly recently. Today they are being asked to address an entirely new problem… and it may be a task they are not up to.

Is it really an entirely new problem? Bullying has always been around and always will be – but when it comes to spreading hurtful information on a massive scale – I say what we are facing is an entirely new problem.

In the late 1800s, how would one go about spreading embarrassing rumors, malicious falsehoods, or even breach a person’s right to privacy on a massive scale? The options were pretty limited and usually required large sums of money to take out newspaper ads, or influence reporters and editors in order to spread a story very far. The spreading of the story would be relatively slow compared with today – and the courts did offer some remedies that could address those mean spirited activities. Newspapers also had to be concerned about such suits and thus had an incentive to do some self-policing of what was published.

The 1900s brought us new means of mass communications through radio and later television. Still these methods of communication were beyond the financial means of most people and the law offered realistic remedies to address any wrongdoing that did occur. Like the newspapers, radio and television stations themselves had good reason to watch what was said out of fear of becoming the target of such a suit.

But what about spreading malicious information in the Internet Age – where virtually anyone can communicate with thousands, even millions, for free and virtually instantly? What about the fact that people who have no financial footprint to speak of can spread malicious information to an unprecedented degree with little to no risk of legal consequences? No self-policing… they are judgment-proof… or close enough to make the cost of a civil suit unrealistic for most people.

How exactly does the law – developed originally to address problems back in the Pony Express days, give Sherry and Jayden Myers some measure of comfort, some justice?

And just as importantly, how do we, as members of the Internet community, draw our own lines about what is and is not fair game when it comes to humor, satire and parody?

The two issues are linked… or at least they should be.

Can we protect Jayden and still have our funny Walmart photos? Is there a line that can be drawn that makes one OK and the other not?

The law should reflect the ethical choices we as a society believe in.

Posted in Ethics, First Amendment, Humor, Municipal Liability, Social Media, You Can't Make This Stuff Up

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Family Ties and Chain of Command

Here is today’s burning question: I have been volunteering with a small rural fire district for about 11 years. I was promoted to lieutenant by the previous chief, but since he left 7 years ago I have had nothing but trouble with the new chief. I won’t bother you with the details, but my problem is this: My wife joined the department last summer. Last week out of the blue my chief told me that although she is allowed to volunteer, she is not allowed to respond to incidents where I play a supervisory role! I make about 60% of all of calls and was hoping this would allow my wife and I to spend more time together.  Now she can only respond to calls that I cannot make. Is it legal to deny someone to volunteer based on marital status / family relationships?

Answer: You need to get some local legal advice. To fully answer your question an attorney will need to look at your state laws, perhaps local ordinances, fire district regulations, fire department rules and regulations, etc. In addition, whether your department is a municipal entity (fire district) or a volunteer fire company funded by a fire district could make a huge difference. Without knowing all of that – any advice I could give you would be half-baked at best.

I agree, given your strained relationship with the chief, it sounds like he may be using your martial status as a way to harass you – but there may be a valid reason for it as well – such as nepotism laws that prohibit a person from reporting to an immediate family member. Most of those nepotism laws apply to paid employees, and you did not indicate if you are paid on call, or fully volunteer. Again the devil will be in the details.

You would be completely within your rights to ask the chief for some additional information on the martial status rule, such as when the rule was adopted and what it was based on (state law, local ethics commission ruling, attorney’s advice, etc.). If he is bluffing, these questions may be a way to smoke him out. On the other hand if he is sincere, acting on advice of counsel and trying to do the right thing it offers a way that you can be assured he is not out to make your life difficult.  You would also be within your rights to ask that the rule be put in writing  (if it has not yet been) to make sure it is applied to everyone equally.

Posted in Burning Question, Conflicts of Interest, Ethics, Volunteers

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Tampa Fire Inspector Fired For Taking Classes While On Duty

Posted in Disciplinary Action, Ethics, Fire Prevention

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Albuquerque Captain Wins Right to Run for State Office

Albuquerque Fire Department Captain Emily Kane wanted to run for state representative. Standing in her way (besides her opponents) was a city charter provision that prohibited employees from either running for or holding state office.

When Captain Kane was informed by her department that she faced discipline over her decision to run, she decided to challenge the provision as violating her rights under both the Federal and state constitutions.

In June, Second Judicial District Judge Alan Malott granted Captain Kane’s request for a temporary restraining order preventing the city from taking any disciplinary action against her. Last Friday District Judge Beatrice Brickhouse ruled the charter provision to be unconstitutional, a violation of Captain Kane’s First Amendment Rights.

More on the story.

 

AFD captain can’t be fired for campaign: krqe.com

 

Posted in Civil Suit, Conflicts of Interest, Constitutional Rights, Disciplinary Action, Ethics, First Amendment, Politics

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Rapper Apologizes for A Pole In My Pants Video

An entertainment firm, Play Wit It Entertainment, has issued a public apology to the Jackson, Mississippi Fire Department on behalf of  “Hollywood Luck” following a controversial  rap video that showcased a JFD ladder truck and turnout gear. The department reportedly has taken “severe” disciplinary action against those involved in making the truck and PPE available, but the details have not been released.

The apology said:  ”As entertainers we were unaware of any policies, laws or wrongdoings that were made during the time of creating our video. Words cannot express how truly sorry we are for any inconvenience that we may have caused our city.”

A new version of the video has been released that omits the JFD ladder and PPE.WLOX.com – The News for South Mississippi

Posted in Disciplinary Action, Ethics, Humor, You Can't Make This Stuff Up

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Honolulu Ethics Panel Investigating Fire-EMS Merger Contract

Honolulu Ethics Panel Investigating Fire-EMS Merger Contract.

The Honolulu Ethics Commission has begun an investigation into the bid process used to select a consultant back in 2010 to help assist with the merger of the Honolulu Fire Department and the Honolulu Emergency Services Department.

The consultants/bidders were ranked by a matrix scoring system, and the allegation has been made that scores were changed so that Emergency Services Consulting International (ESCI), an affiliate of the International Association of Fire Chiefs, would receive the award. The total amount paid was $175,000.

The ethics complaint claims Fire Chief Kenneth Silva’s relationship with the IAFC may have played a role in what transpired.

Three evaluators were tasked with ranking the bidders by a numerical score. The scores were then tabulated. EMS Chief Patty Dukes gave Ralph Anderson and Associates 31 points, ECSI 26 points, and the other bidders 25 points.

Assistant Fire Chief Thomas Perkins gave ESCI 38 points and Ralph Anderson 35 points.

The third evaluation came from attorney Paul Au, from the city’s HR department. Au gave both companies 39 points. Based on those scores, Ralph Anderson appeared to have won, 105 to 103.

A few days later, Au was allegedly given his scoring sheet back and asked to pick between ESCI (supported by Chief Perkins) and Ralph Anderson (supported by Chief Duke). He downgraded Ralph Anderson to 36 points, giving Emergency Services Consulting International just enough to win, 103-102.

The article has the actual scoring matrixes used by the parties, and does a good job of laying out the issues.

 

Posted in administration-leadership, Conflicts of Interest, EMS, Ethics

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Stockton Chief Alleges Religious Discrimination

Some cases never seem to go away. There always seems to be one more filing, one more twist. That is the case with fired Stockton, California Fire Chief Ron Hittle. Back in early 2011 he was suspended based on his attendance at a Christian leadership training conference in 2010.

Believing his days were numbered, Chief Hittle filed a pre-emptive suit to challenge the city’s ability to fire him. He claimed that a recent city charter change making the fire chief an at-will employee did not apply to him, and that he was subject only to the old charter. The suit did not stop the city from moving forward with firing him, and in the end the court sided with the city.

Chief Hittle is back in the news today for filing a wrongful termination suit against the city and his former bosses, City Manager Bob Deis and Deputy City Manager Laurie Montes. He alleges he was discriminated against on account of his religion, in violation of state and Federal law. Suit was filed in Federal District Court for the Eastern District of California back in March, but just reached the notice of the media.

The city’s stated reasons for firing the Chief were:

  • He and three of his deputies attended a Christian-affiliated leadership conference while on-duty, violating regulations that prohibit personnel from attending religiously themed events at taxpayer expense.

Note: Chief Hittle counters that he and the deputies paid for the conference themselves, and that he attended the conference only after being told by Deputy City Manager Montes that he needed attend a training seminar to improve his leadership skills. His lawyer argued “He was encouraged to go to a leadership conference, and this is the one he picked… The city can’t unlawfully terminate him because they don’t like the one he chose.”

  • He was too friendly with the union’s leadership and was not hard enough discipline-wise.
  • He failed to disclose that he co-owned a vacation cabin with Fire Marshal Matt Duaime and Captain Dave Macedo, president of the Stockton Professional Firefighters, IAFF Local 456.
  • He failed to disclose his business relationship with a city-paid consultant

The case has become complicated even further due to Stockton’s financial situation. Stockton is contemplating filing for bankruptcy protection. The exact impact of a bankruptcy filing is hard to predict. Some types of debts are non-dischargeable in bankruptcy. In addition, even if the case against Stockton is placed on hold due to a bankruptcy proceeding, Chief Hittle’s case against Deis and Montes personally could proceed.

Here is Chief Hittle’s complaint. Hittle v Stockton

More on the story.

Posted in At will employment, Civil Suit, Constitutional Rights, Disciplinary Action, Discrimination, Ethics, Municipal Liability, Politics, Wrongful termination

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Nebraska Supreme Court Rules on Fill the Boot Case

Today’s Burning Question: Is it illegal for firefighters to collect money for a charity during their on-duty hours?

Answer: In Nebraska it is now illegal for on-duty firefighters to collect money for charities such as the MDA… well… at least that is what some of the headlines say. But is that what the court really said?

The real answer is somewhat complicated – because the case is somewhat complicated - so please bear with me.

The story began in 2009 when the Omaha City Council (playing the role of Scrooge in Scene I) passed an ordinance that prohibited on-duty city employees (namely the firefighters… playing the role of Bob Cratchit) from soliciting money from the public for charitable causes like the Muscular Dystrophy Association (playing the role of Tiny Tim).

The council then sought an advisory opinion from the Nebraska Accountability and Disclosure Commission declaring the practice of firefighters soliciting funds for charities such as the “Fill-The-Boot Drive” for the MDA to be illegal. The Commission (Scrooge in Scene II) obliged, ruling that such fundraising violated Nebraska Revised Statutes § 49-14,101.01, which states

A public official or public employee shall not use or authorize the use of personnel, resources, property or funds under his or her official care and control other than in accordance with prescribed constitutional, statutory and regulatory procedures…

Here is the Commission’s ruling, issued on March 12, 2010

In anticipation of the annual Labor Day Jerry Lewis Telethon for MDA, the Nebraska Professional Firefighters Association filed suit on August 19, 2010 in Lancaster County District Court to challenge the Commission’s advisory opinion, and order it to be withdrawn. The District Court (Scrooge in Scene III) dismissed the case finding it lacked jurisdiction, and the Nebraska Court of Appeals (Scrooge in Scene IV) affirmed on slightly different grounds. The case went to the Nebraska Supreme Court who issued their ruling last Friday.

Here is a copy: Nebraska Fill the Boot Case

The court essentially concluded that while the District Court and Court of Appeals were right that the Firefighters had to lose, they were not entirely right with their reasoning. The real grounds for the Firefighters to lose was that an advisory opinion was not a “final decision”, and only final decisions can be appealed. Said another way – the Firefighters had not exhausted their administrative remedies. They had the opportunity to challenge the advisory opinion before the Commission. Only after the Commission had ruled on their specific challenge would there be a final decision from which the Firefighters could lawfully appeal.

So where does that leave firefighters in Nebraska who want to help Jerry’s Kids? While the headlines indicate that the Nebraska Supreme Court was the biggest Scrooge of all, if you read the case it certainly is not as bad as many make it sound. The Nebraska Supreme Court did not “outlaw” fill-the-boot drives – it just ruled that the advisory opinion needs to be challenged via a different route. The Firefighters can make that challenge directly to the Commission if they so choose. They just cannot contest an advisory opinion in court.

In the meantime, Jerry Lewis has cut back substantially in the telethon. In 2011 for the first time he turned over the reins to others to host and the show was trimmed back from over 20 hours down to 6.

Posted in Burning Question, Civil Suit, Conflicts of Interest, Ethics, Labor Law, Politics, You Can't Make This Stuff Up

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Yet another lawsuit is filed against Manville Fire District | The Valley Breeze

Yet another lawsuit is filed against Manville Fire District | The Valley Breeze.

Posted in Civil Suit, Constitutional Rights, Criminal Law, Disciplinary Action, Discrimination, Ethics, Municipal Liability, Negligence, Open Meetings Laws, Politics, Wrongful termination, You Can't Make This Stuff Up

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Alabama Firefighter Sues For Wrongful Termination

Marlin Slade Chappelle, a firefighter in the Leeds Fire Department who was terminated in June 2010, has filed a Federal lawsuit against the city of Leeds and its Mayor Eric Patterson alleging retaliation and discrimination. The action was filed last Friday in US District Court for the Northern District of Alabama.

Chappelle, a 10 year veteran of the department, alleges that he was terminated in retaliation for reporting that the fire chief and a fire captain were using city time to conduct outside business, and for complaining about alleged discrimination of a female employee in the department. The employee, Ashley Graves, filed an EEOC charge against the City.

Chappelle claims that on May 10, 2010, he sent a letter to Mayor Patterson and the Leeds City Council stating that he was being discriminated against and retaliated against, but the retaliation thereafter increased. On May 24, 2010 he was suspended and on June 7, 2010 he was terminated.

The lawsuit also alleges that Chappelle was wrongfully under paid for his job because he was not paid 5% above his base pay for having paramedic certification.

Here is a copy of the complaint. Chappelle v Leeds

Posted in Civil Suit, Disciplinary Action, Discrimination, Ethics, First Amendment, Municipal Liability, Politics, Wrongful termination

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Ohio Ethics Commission Investigating Chief for Teaching at College

Today’s burning question: I’m a fire chief and I teach at the local community college. Some of my firefighters attend classes at the college and the fire department reimburses them. Is there anything unethical about that arrangement?

Answer: I honestly do not think so – but apparently some folks in Ohio believe it is, and as a result a fire chief is facing an ethics investigation.

Daryl Meyers is the chief of the Xenia Township Fire Department, and an adjunct professor in Sinclair Community College’s Fire Sciences Department. He is under investigation by the Ohio Ethics Commission, although the specifics of the allegations are somewhat unclear.

What is crystal clear is that Chief Meyers lacks support from at least one of his trustees. Trustee Jim Reed reportedly told reporters that many people are questioning Chief Meyers’ relationship with the college. Reed alleges that by teaching at the college, combined with “sending” firefighters to the college, Chief Meyers is really looking out for his own “job security”.

Here is a news story about the case.

If I am wrong – and this situation does somehow prove to be an ethics violation – and that decision is based on provisions in the Ohio ethics law that are similar to provisions in most other states – then there are going to be an awful lot of upset fire chiefs. And before the non-fire chiefs reading this start snickering, why would the ethics commission stop at citing the fire chief? Why would it be an ethics violation for the fire chief to teach but not, say a battalion chief, or even a lieutenant, if one of their subordinates is “sent” to the class. [Note: that also leads to a question about what is "sent"? If a firefighter's officer strongly recommends that a firefighter take a class - is that enough?]

And why stop at college programs? What if a fire chief is an instructor at the state fire academy and he requires his firefighters to attend classes at the state fire academy?

On the other hand, if the chief (or any officer) requires (as opposed to allows) a subordinate to attend a specific program taught by the officer and the officer received compensation for that student’s attendance, then the case for an ethics violation would be a bit stronger. But if the officer was going to teach a college level fire science class anyway (whether his firefighters attend or not), and firefighters are free to attend any college with a fire science program, I am struggling to see an ethics violation.

Here is a copy of the Ohio Ethics law. I am open for any ideas anyone has. Chip – its your state – any thoughts?

Ohio Ethics Code

Posted in Burning Question, Conflicts of Interest, Disciplinary Action, Ethics

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Evansville Captain Councilman Facing Backlash For Drinking

An Evansville, Indiana fire captain who is also a city councilman is facing termination after he was accused of drinking  following a council meeting, and before returning to duty with the fire department.

Evansville Fire Department Captain Al Lindsey, a Sixth Ward city councilman, was suspended and placed on unpaid administrative leave following the January 23, 2012 incident.  Fire Chief Mike Connelly suspended Lindsey, and has recommended termination to the fire merit commission.

Lindsey admitted to being in a bar following the council meeting, but denies he had anything alcoholic to drink. While in the bar he had a heated disagreement with another councilperson, Missy Mosby. Someone thereafter reported the incident to the mayor.

For video coverage

Posted in Disciplinary Action, Ethics, Politics, You Can't Make This Stuff Up

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Springfield Fire Cited By State Civil Service Commission

The Massachusetts Civil Service Commission has handled down a decision that harshly criticizes the selection process used by the Springfield Fire Department to hire 21 new firefighters. The Commission was responding to the complaints of four candidates who claimed they were improperly bypassed.

To fully understand the decision, it is important to understand that in Massachusetts, municipal hiring decisions are governed by the state’s civil service commission. The multitude of decisions that go into  the hiring process must all be done in accordance with state requirements, creating a bureaucratic nightmare for those unfamiliar with the system.

The thrust of the commission’s ruling had to do with the role played by Deputy Chief Jerrold Prendergast in the selection process. Chief Prendergast’s son Zachary was among those hired by the process. While Chief Prendergast was not involved the interview process or in making the final appointments, he was involved at various points in assessing the qualifications of candidates to advance to the interview process.

The commission’s decision stated: “Deputy Chief Prendergast’s direct involvement in the review and selection process compromised the Fire Department’s ability to ensure open consideration of all candidates for the position of firefighter… To ensure that all candidates were given open consideration and to remove any appearance of impropriety, Deputy Chief Prendergast should have removed himself from this particular hiring round.”

The commission ordered that all non-selected candidates be contacted to determine their interest in being added to the “top of the next Certification” list where they will “remain… until such time as they receive at least one consideration for appointment.” They will also be granted retroactive seniority to same date as the 21 hired.

Here is the commission’s decision: Springfield-Fire-Department-Investigation

Springfield’s Fire Commissioner Gary Cassanelli issued a written statement concluding “I very much disagree with opinion of Chairman Bowman regarding his review of the Springfield Fire Department’s 2010 firefighter hiring process.”

Here is the official Springfield Fire Department response to the decision: Springfield FD Response

More on the story.

Posted in Discrimination, Ethics, Labor Law, Politics

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Text Messaging and Public Records Laws

Today’s burning question: Our union attended a city council meeting, and during the course of the meeting we observed one of the councilmen texting. Are his texts subject to the public record laws? I mean, wouldn’t it be awesome if we could force him to disclose copies of his text messages?

Answer: Text messages are considered to be subject to the public records laws in most states, but before you start doing backflips be careful about what you wish for. If the councilman has to disclose his work related text messages, then so do you while you are on duty.

The Palm Beach Post ran an interesting story yesterday about text messaging and Florida’s Public Records Law. Under state law, text messages, Facebook comments, Tweets and other forms of electronic communications are considered public records when the content of the messages involves government business.

Take a second to absorb that. The entire area of text messaging/public records is fraught with problems:

  • Does it matter if the message was sent using a government owned device or personally owned device?
  • Do both parties to the message have to consent to its disclosure?
  • How long do I have to maintain text messages in order to comply with the public records law?
  • How exactly do I get the text messages off the cellphone and on to paper so that copies can be made?

No doubt, the devil is in the details… and the details are different depending upon the state, the text messaging service provider, the device used, and the content of the messages.  For example, some providers allow text messages to be forwarded to email addresses for retention purposes, and some can directly archive messages. Software is also available to download text messages from cellphones.

This is an evolving issue where the law has not caught up with the technology, but one that impacts all firefighters and EMS personnel.

More on the story.

 

Posted in Burning Question, Discovery, Ethics, Evidence, Open Records Laws, Politics

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On Duty Firefighters Asked to Serve Cocktails Shirtless

Here is today’s burning question: I am a career firefighter and I was recently asked by my fire chief to serve drinks to a group of women at a fund-raising event while on-duty. I know I am a hunk and I’m on the firefighter’s calendar, and I really didn’t have that big a problem with the request – particularly  since I was on duty and being paid (some of the other guys were off duty and they agreed to do it for free). However, the chief wanted us to serve the drinks shirtless. Isn’t that going too far? And by the way, what if there was a run while we were out of service for the event? Could we get in trouble?

Answer: Let me answer the question with a question: Your only concern with what happened was that you were asked to take your shirt off? Seriously? Which part of the entire episode sounded like a good idea? The use of on-duty firefighters to perform non-fire department related work at taxpayer expense? The serving of alcohol by on-duty firefighters? The placing of front-line apparatus out of service for a private event? Or was it the mere request to serve drinks topless? Frankly, I think the request to do it topless should be the LEAST of your concerns… below infringing on work that rightfully belongs to the food and beverage servers union.

Fire Chief Scott Vanderbrook, of Estero, Florida, is facing mounting criticism over his decision to use five  firefighters to attend and work at a fundraiser on December 8, 2011 held in a private gated community. The five were models in the local firefighter’s charity calendar and the event, attended by 22 women, was a private calendar signing.

Two of the five firefighters were on duty at Station 42 for the event. The station along with Engine 42 were placed out of service and a third firefighter assigned to Station 42 was detailed to another station for the event.  The two firefighters were available to respond from the event in a fire department automobile if need be.

The firefighters claim they thought the fundraiser was a public event. They were initially asked by the chief to go shirtless, serve the invitees alcohol and food, and make small talk. When the firefighters expressed their reluctance to go topless, the chief to ask them to either wear a tank top or rip the sleeves off their T-shirts.

After the event the firefighters’ union claimed the men felt like “a bunch of little puppets”. The chief has since apologized to the firefighters involved. Fire commissioners have stood solidly behind the chief’s action, saying that the chief had kept them informed about the event, that there were no rule violations, and that fire protection to the district was not compromised.

Regarding the issue of firefighters serving alcohol while on duty, the commissioners declined any knowledge of the issue. The Estero Fire Rescue Administrative Guidelines state that firefighters cannot be in possession of or consume alcohol while on duty.

Posted in Burning Question, Disciplinary Action, Ethics, Humor, Labor Law, Sexual Harassment, You Can't Make This Stuff Up

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Non-Identification Policies

Today’s burning question: My fire department’s policy prohibits me from identifying myself publically as a member of the department. When I lecture I cannot indicate my department, nor can I mention it during my presentation.  I was wondering if I can represent myself as a member of the firefighter’s union?

Answer: Great question. You have stumbled upon the flaw in those ultra-strict policies out there that ban employees from mentioning their employment, whether in person or in social media. While a fire department can restrict personnel from identifying themselves as members of the department, the department would likely run afoul of both the First Amendment and collective bargaining laws if it tried to prohibit members from publically identify themselves as members of the firefighters union.

However, keep in mind that many jurisdictions have strict ethics laws that prohibit a public employee from using his/her position for personal gain. There are states that consider receiving compensation for lecturing on job-related matters to violate the “use of one’s position for personal gain” provision. In such a state, discussing work related incidents for compensation – even as a union rep – could constitute an ethics violation.

Also – the NLRB has taken the position that to the extent that strict employer policies restrict employees from discussing legitimate work related matters with co-workers in social media, the policies would be invalid as overbroad.

Posted in Burning Question, Constitutional Rights, Ethics, First Amendment, Labor Law, Social Media

Open Records Chaos in Connecticut

Public officials in Connecticut are in an uproar over a recent state supreme court decision that requires the addresses of police officers, corrections officers and firefighters to be redacted from publically accessible motor vehicle tax lists. The decision has implications for virtually every type of list that a municipality may keep, from voter registrations to dog licenses.

At issue is a Connecticut law, Conn.  General Statutes § 1-217, that prohibits public entities from disclosing the home addresses of various federal, state and local officials, including firefighters. The case began when attorney Peter Sachs filed a Freedom of Information (FOI) request for the “grand list of motor vehicles” from the town of North Stonington. Some states refer to such a request by other names, such as open records request, public records request, or sunshine request.

The town provided Sachs with the list requested, but with 40 addresses redacted. The redacted addresses included a judge, state police officers, and corrections employees. Sachs appealed to the Connecticut Freedom of Information Commission seeking all of the addresses. The case took three years to work its way through the administrative appeals process, and then court system until June 28, 2011, when the Connecticut Supreme Court sided with the town concluding that local officials must redact the required information. Here is a copy of the statute. Here is a copy of the decision. Conn_FOI_Case.

The problem now is how can a municipality possibly comply fully with the requirements of § 1-217? It is one thing for a municipality to redact the addresses its own police officers and firefighters who are known to fall under one of the 12 categories of exempt employees. But what about firefighters who live in the town but work in a different community? How can a municipality possibly keep track of the occupations of so many different citizens?

Joyce Mascena, president of the town clerks association, posed another puzzling aspect to the law: “If we have to remove the addresses from land records, then how would title searchers be able to do their jobs?”

For his part, Sachs is not finished. He has sent ten different communities a FOI request to test their compliance with the court’s ruling and is waiting for their response. He was quoted as saying “My point is to show that this is a state statute that, as it stands right now, can’t be complied with.”

Posted in Civil Suit, Ethics, Open Records Laws

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Georgia Fire Captain Sues to Overturn $4 Million Police-Fire Pension Loan

Funding for the Macon Fire and Police Retirement System has been a hotly debated subject in the Georgia county for many months.  Pension Board members had asked the city to put in enough funds to make up for 18 months of underfunding, and successfully rejected proposals submitted by the Mayor that were considered to be inadequate.

On June 30, 2011 a series of hastily called meetings were held between the Board and the City Council, and on a 3-1 vote, the Board agreed to accept a promissory note from the city for nearly $4 million, spread over four-and-a half years. Had agreement not been reached on June 30, the city would have been in violation of a state funding requirement and lost all state aid.

Board member Danny Angelo, who is a Captain in the Macon-Bibb County Fire Department,  was absent for the Board meeting. Last Friday, he filed a lawsuit seeking to declare the deal void because the Board violated the Georgia Open Meetings Act. Angelo claims that there were a series of special meetings, closed sessions, and attorney conferences just before agreement was reached, and no public notice about the meetings were sent out.

Under the open meetings law, any business transacted at an illegally called meeting is not binding.

O.C.G.A. § 50-14-1  (2007)

(b) … Any resolution, rule, regulation, ordinance, or other official action of an agency adopted, taken, or made at a meeting which is not open to the public as required by this chapter shall not be binding.

More on the story.

Posted in Civil Suit, Ethics, Municipal Liability, Open Meetings Laws, Politics

Another Cheating Scandal Allegation: San Francisco FD

A cheating scandal with racial overtones has been alleged in the San Francisco Fire Department.

Battalion Chief Kevin Taylor has alleged that senior officials provided assistance to white officers on a promotional examination for assistant chief. However, the incident that gave rise to the accusations has been characterized by those involved as a discussion of firefighting tactics unrelated to an examination – involving a retired chief hired to advise the city on how to develop the exam.

The examination was given in August of 2010. Chief Taylor’s accusations were initially investigated by John Kraus, the city’s Director of Recruitment and Assessment Services, who found no wrongdoing. Taylor has appealed this determination to the civil service commission, and asked that a new investigation be ordered.

For more on the story.

If you have not read it yet – here is a copy of the White Paper on Fire Service Reputation Management. LONG OVERDUE!!!!!  Download Fire Service Reputation Management

 

Posted in Discrimination, Ethics, You Can't Make This Stuff Up

Ethics Charges Settled With EMS Chief

The former chief of EMS for FDNY has been slapped with a hefty fine by the city’s Conflicts of Interest Board. Chief John Peruggia, who was demoted in early January following numerous complaints over the city’s response to the December 26, 2010 blizzard, agreed to pay a $12,500 fine to dispose of the matter.

The board alleged that an EMS vendor, Masimo, Inc., gave Chief Peruggia free trips and compensation in exchange for presentations the chief made at various locations across the country. At the time, Chief Peruggia was on a committee responsible for recommending whether FDNY should buy a CO meter that Masimo manufactured.

Most firefighters think of ethics laws as something that only applies to politicians and elected officials. As a result, conflicts of interest laws remain hidden traps for many firefighters who fail to recognize the potential for an ethical conflict until after the fact. In most of the cases I have been involved with, the conflict is blatantly obvious after the fact – yet the potential is missed beforehand by the firefighters involved.

NY1 has a pretty good video on the FDNY case.

Posted in Conflicts of Interest, EMS, Ethics

Fire District Charged with Open Meetings Law Violation

Rhode Island's attorney general has filed suit against a fire district for violation of the state's open meeting law. According to Attorney General Patrick Lynch, the Albion Fire District has been warned on two prior occasions about violating the law.

The AG alleges that the District posted an "insufficient agenda" for its meeting on May 11, 2010. The suit alleges that the violation was "wilful and knowing", and seeks the maximum allowable fine of $5,000.

One obstacle the AG may have is that the RI open meetings law limits the time frame to file suit against violators to 180 days following the violation or the public approval of the minutes of the meeting. Depending on when the minutes were approved, the action may be time barred. 

Posted in Civil Suit, Ethics, Municipal Liability, Open Meetings Laws